Quantum computers- Google

What's quantum computer?

Google has build a working quantum computer. Well quantum physics describes the behavior of atoms and fundamental particles, like electrons and photons. So quantum computer operates the behavior  of these particles but in a way which is completely different from our regular computer.

 So quantum computer is not just a more powerful version of our current computers, just like a light bulb is not a more powerful candle. You cannot build a light bulb by building better and better candles. A light bulb is a different technology based on deeper scientific understanding. Similarly a quantum computer is new kind of device, based on the science of quantum physics, and just like a light bulb transformed society. Quantum computers have the potential to impact so many aspects of our lives, including our security needs, our health care and even the internet.So companies all around the world are working to build these devices.

How quantum computer works?

What the excitement is all about. If  you ever gone to any of the casinos, there is a game of heads and tails in a computer which is unbiased so you have 50% chances of winning this game. But when scientists performed that same game in quantum computer the winning percentage of player is only 3% and quantum computer wins 97% of multiple games played. So you are thinking that it is some kind of cheating done by the computer or it is biased. No it is not, I will tell you how. A regular computer simulates heads or tails of a coin as a bit, or a zero or a one or a current flipping on and off inside your computer chip.

A quantum computer is completely different. A quantum bit has a more fluid, non binary identity. It can exist in a superposition or a combination of zero and one, with some probability of being zero and some probability of being one. In other words it's identity is on spectrum. For example, it could have a 70 percent chance of being zero and 30 percent chance of being one or 80-20 or 60-40. The possibilities are endless. The key idea here is that we have to give up on precise values of zero and one and allow for some uncertainty. So during the game quantum computer creates this fluid combination of heads and tails, zero and one, so that no matter what the player does, flip or no flip, the superposition remains intact. It's kind of like stirring a mixture of two fluids. Whether or not you stir the fluids remain in a mixture, but in it's final move, the quantum computer can unmix the zero and one, perfectly recovering zero and one so that you lose every time.

If you think this is all a bit weird you are absolutely right. Regular coins do not exist in combinations of heads and tails. We do not experience this fluid quantum reality in a everyday lives. So if you are confused by quantum don't worry you are getting it.

How it will help to create a future technology?

But even though experiencing quantum strangeness we can see it's very real effects in action. As you have read the above results that quantum computer had won 97% of games by superposition and uncertainty. These quantum properties are very powerful, not just to win coin games but also to build future technologies. So let me give you three examples of potential applications that could change our lives.

1. First of all, quantum uncertainty could be used to create private keys for encrypting messages sent from one location to another, so that hackers could not secretly copy the key perfectly, because of quantum uncertainty. They would have to break the laws of quantum physics to hack the key. So this kind of unbreakable encryption is already tested by banks and other institution worldwide. Today, we use more than 17 billion connected devices globally. Just imagine the impact quantum encryption could have in the future.
2. Secondly, quantum technologies could also transform health care and medicine. For example, the design and analysis of molecules for drug development is a challenging problem today, and that's because exactly describing and calculating  all of the quantum properties of all the atoms in the molecule is a computationally difficult task, even for the supercomputers. But a quantum computer can do better, because it operates using the same quantum properties as the molecule is trying to simulate. So future large scale quantum simulations for drug development could perhaps leads to treatment for diseases like Alzheimer's which affects thousands of lives.
3. Thirdly, my favorite quantum application is teleportation of information from one location to another without physically transmitting the information. Sounds like Sci-fi, but it is possible, because these fluid identities of the quantum particles can get entangled across space and time in such a way that when you change something about one particle, it can impact the other, and that create channel for teleportation. It's already been demonstrated in research labs and could be part of a future quantum internet.

Google quantum computers

Google started working on quantum computers because this technology would allow us to understand the world in a deeper way we can stimulate better. You would have questions in mind that when will it be used by us? I would tell you that google is working on it and it will take 5-10 years in it to complete.

Google announces Quantum supremacy they claims that a calculation which is done in 200 seconds in quantum computers the normal computer would do that same calculation in 10,000 years to accomplish that is a incredible ratio. So our whole life could be change by this. Quantum computers is not only developed by google but also by different companies like Microsoft, IBM etc.